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British Journal of Social Work 34/6 © BASW Trading Ltd 2004 all rights reserved
Learning Lessons from the Past or Re-Visiting Old Mistakes: Social Work and Community Development in Northern Ireland
Dr Deirdre Heenan is a senior lecturer in Policy Studies at the University of Ulster. She is co-founder and co-director of the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey, a major social attitudes survey based in Northern Ireland. She has published on widely on housing policy, disability and informal care.
Correspondence to Dr Deirdre Heenan, School of Policy Studies, University of Ulster, Magee Campus, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK. E-mail: DA.Heenan{at}ulster.ac.uk
Summary
In recent years there has been a re-emphasis on community development approaches in health and social work in Northern Ireland. Underpinning these approaches is the belief that local communities can be organized to address health and social needs and to work with government agencies, voluntary bodies and local authorities in delivering services and local solutions to problems. These methods of working challenge the traditional social work focus on individual and family casework interventions. Government in Northern Ireland has stressed that community development should no longer simply be an afterthought in key aspects of Health and Social Services, but should instead be at the core of their work. It is now officially recognized that community development has the potential to make a significant impact on a broad spectrum of policies and programmes, which are delivered through agencies in both the statutory and voluntary sectors. This commitment to community development has been outlined in a number of key documents and reports. This paper assesses the relationship between social work and community development in Northern Ireland. The first section looks briefly at the history of community development and social work and then sets out the context in which this move towards the promotion of a community social work approach is occurring. Against this backdrop, a case study of a Family Support Team, which provides a range of services in a community setting, is used to illustrate how the strategy has already been adopted and the lessons of this experience are explored and discussed. It is concluded that while this approach has a lot to offer it is not without its difficulties. Far from being a new philosophy, community development is being reinvented and reapplied. It is therefore crucial that old mistakes are not revisited and old prejudices rekindled. It is hoped that this article will provide a useful contribution to the current important and necessary debate.
Keywords: community development, partnerships, training, mainstreaming
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